Foreplay
Foreplay means different things to different people, and that ambiguity is built into the word itself. It is a set of emotionally and physically intimate acts between one or more people, meant to create sexual arousal and desire for sexual activity. Most people picture it as physical: kissing, touching, removing clothes. But the source notes that nonphysical activities, mental or verbal acts, can also count as foreplay in certain contexts. That slipperiness is exactly why the term resists a single definition. What follows are the questions this documentary will answer. What does foreplay actually do to the body and the mind? Why does one sexologist argue it matters more for one partner than the other? What do surveys reveal about the gap between what couples want and what they get? And how far back do the artistic records of it reach?
Blood flow is where the physical story begins. During foreplay, the sexual organs of both partners receive more blood and become aroused. For male partners this produces an erection. For female partners it results in a clitoral erection and vaginal lubrication. A lack of that lubrication may cause dyspareunia. As arousal builds, the organs susceptible to pleasure grow highly sensitive to external stimuli, releasing fluids that prepare the body for intercourse.
These physical events arrive more easily for the male partner than the female partner. The source attributes this difference to the potential consequences of pregnancy and motherhood. Sexologist Dr. William Robinson built an argument on this asymmetry. Robinson suggests male partners can perform intercourse without foreplay, while female partners require longer acts of foreplay to become sufficiently stimulated and pleasured.
Psychologically, foreplay lowers inhibitions and raises emotional intimacy between partners. Both people share a mutual experience of understanding and emotion while it happens. It can also make communicating preferences easier, helping create a more comfortable sexual interaction for both. The source also ties foreplay to fertility, where the neurohypophysial hormone enters the picture next.
From a male animal perspective, foreplay can look costly in terms of reproduction. Yet biological research finds that cost insufficient to discourage it, because foreplay turns out to be a worthwhile strategy for raising fertility rates across both the animal and human kingdom. The mechanism runs through the same physical and psychological effects already described, which influence the neurohypophysial hormone. That hormone can increase the rate of sperm production in the male during extensive foreplay. The result, according to the source, is a higher chance that the female partner becomes impregnated.
Seven minutes and twelve minutes are the numbers at the heart of one survey. Among heterosexual couples asked about the duration of intercourse and foreplay, the average times were 7 minutes on intercourse and 12 minutes on foreplay. Neither partner reported being satisfied with how long foreplay lasted, suggesting a gap between what couples desire and what typically happens. The survey sampled 152 couples, mainly university educated and satisfied with their sexual life. Compared with some larger studies, men were better at perceiving the desired durations for their partner. The length of foreplay that men and women wanted was about the same.
Twenty-seven countries across 6 continents framed a much larger picture. In a global study of about 12,000 individuals, physical foreplay was rated very important by 63% of men and 60% of women.
Pornography, one study found, does not change how satisfied people are with time spent on foreplay. Looking at individuals in committed romantic relationships, researchers concluded that sexual media can affect other aspects of satisfaction but not this one. Foreplay sits firmly in the sexual script. Individuals still need the same amount of it to become aroused, despite misconceptions about what people learn from pornography.
Sexting is foreplay without physical presence. Sexual role-playing and sex games can create sexual interest, and technology has extended their reach. This kind of foreplay can run through SMS messaging, phone calls, or online chat, all meant to stimulate fantasizing about the encounter ahead. The tantalization builds sexual tension across distance.
A card or board game can serve the same purpose. The objective is for partners to indulge their fantasies, with the loser perhaps required to remove clothing or give the winner a sensual foot massage, or whatever else the winner wants to try. Candles, drinks, sensual food, or suggestive clothing can deepen the atmosphere. Even hinting at sex toys, fetish, sexual bondage, or blindfolding signals sexual interest.
Strangers for a day turns the whole thing into theater. In this role-playing game, a couple meets in a public place and pretends to be strangers encountering each other for the first time. They flirt and seduce, without saying or doing anything they would not at a genuine first meeting. Couples can also build a story together, one sentence at a time, until it turns explicit and lets them voice their fantasies.
Rushing is the enemy in tantric foreplay. According to tantra principles, foreplay is the first step in a lovemaking session, and tantric sex resists hurrying toward orgasm. Instead, foreplay prepares both body and mind for the union of the two people. The tantric rules insist that foreplay stay focused on that preparation.
Sensual baths set the tone. Tantric foreplay may include shared baths in a relaxing atmosphere, with fragrance oil and candles used to build the mood. It is described as a way to connect spiritually and bind together. Practitioners commonly sit cross-legged, staring at each other and touching palm to palm.
Tantra massage carries the same intention. The massage applied in tantric philosophy is not aimed at reaching orgasm. It exists to give each other pleasure and to connect on a spiritual level.
The Kama Sutra catalogued the physical vocabulary of foreplay long ago. This Ancient Indian work describes different types of embracing, kissing, and marking with nails and teeth. It also lists activities such as slapping and moaning, classifying them as play, which places certain BDSM elements within a very old written tradition. The history of foreplay is rich with artistic depictions across many references. Closer to the present, marital advice literature from the early 1900s shows the same subject being taught and discussed in print.
Common questions
What is foreplay and what acts does it include?
Foreplay is a set of emotionally and physically intimate acts between one or more people meant to create sexual arousal and desire for sexual activity. It can include kissing, sexual touching, removing clothes, oral sex, manual sex, sexual games, and sexual roleplay. Nonphysical activities, such as mental or verbal acts, can also count as foreplay in some contexts.
Why is foreplay considered more important for female partners?
Sexologist Dr. William Robinson suggests male partners can perform intercourse without foreplay, while female partners require longer acts of foreplay to become sufficiently stimulated and pleasured. Physical arousal is reached more easily by the male partner, a difference the source attributes to the potential consequences of pregnancy and motherhood. Foreplay has also been found to be positively associated with female orgasm.
How much time do couples actually spend on foreplay?
In a survey of 152 mainly university-educated couples, the average times were 7 minutes on intercourse and 12 minutes on foreplay. Neither partner was satisfied with the duration of foreplay, suggesting a gap between desire and reality. The length of foreplay that men and women desired was about the same.
How important do people around the world rate foreplay?
In a global study of about 12,000 individuals from 27 countries across 6 continents, physical foreplay was rated very important by 63% of men and 60% of women.
What is tantric foreplay?
Tantric foreplay is the first step in a lovemaking session according to tantra principles, and it resists rushing toward orgasm. It prepares the body and mind for union and may include sensual baths, fragrance oil, and candles. Practitioners often sit cross-legged, staring at each other and touching palms, and may use tantra massage meant for pleasure and spiritual connection rather than orgasm.
What are the historical references to foreplay in the Kama Sutra?
The Ancient Indian work Kama Sutra describes different types of embracing, kissing, and marking with nails and teeth. It also mentions activities such as slapping and moaning, classifying them as play. Foreplay also appears in marital advice literature dating back to the early 1900s.
All sources
18 references cited across the entry
- 1bookThe psychology of human sexualityLehmiller, Justin J. — 12 October 2017
- 2bookEncyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and BehaviorSai Prashant Bansal et al. — 2023
- 3journalIn Pursuit of Pleasure: A Biopsychosocial Perspective on Sexual Pleasure and GenderEllen T. M. Laan et al. — 2 October 2021
- 4journalFemale orgasm and overall sexual function and habits: a descriptive study of a cohort of US womenShaeer, O.; Skakke, D.; Giraldi, A.; Shaeer, E.; Shaeer, K. — 2020
- 5bookSex and The Love LifeWilliams J. Fielding — Dodd, Mead & Co. — 1927
- 6journalForeplay, a selected strategy that might be able to increase fertility ratesJuan José Segura-Sampedro — June 2016
- 7journalNeurohypophysial Hormones and the Emission of Semen in RabbitsAnders J. Ågmo — 1 November 1975
- 8journalActual and desired duration of foreplay and intercourse: Discordance and misperceptions within heterosexual couplesS. Andrea Miller et al. — August 2004
- 9journalImportance of and Satisfaction with Sex Among Men and Women Worldwide: Results of the Global Better Sex SurveyJohn Mulhall et al. — April 2008
- 10journalPornography, provocative sexual media, and their differing associations with multiple aspects of sexual satisfactionNathan D. Leonhardt et al. — February 2019
- 11webFore Play Games
- 12bookTantra: the cult of the feminineAndre Van Lysebeth — Motilal Banarsidass Publ. — 2002
- 13webTantra foreplay techniquesMental Foreplay online portal — 18 February 2010
- 18journal"Kiss Without Shame, For She Desires It": Sexual Foreplay in American Marital Advice Literature, 1900-1925Peter Laipson — 1 March 1996