Short answers, pulled from the story.
Yale University was founded in 1701, making it the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States. It was originally called the Collegiate School, established by a charter passed by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on the 9th of October, 1701.
Yale was named after Elihu Yale, a Boston-born businessman who had made his fortune in Madras working for the East India Company as the first president of Fort St. George. In 1718, Yale donated nine bales of goods that sold for more than £560 to fund a new college building, and Cotton Mather suggested the school take his name.
The first seven women to earn PhDs from Yale received their degrees in 1894: Elizabeth Deering Hanscom, Cornelia H. B. Rogers, Sara Bulkley Rogers, Margaretta Palmer, Mary Augusta Scott, Laura Johnson Wylie, and Charlotte Fitch Roberts. Their portrait is held in Sterling Memorial Library, painted by Brenda Zlamany.
Alexander v. Yale was a lawsuit filed in the 1970s by a group of students and a faculty member alleging Yale failed to curtail sexual harassment by male faculty. The case was the first to use Title IX to establish that sexual harassment of female students can constitute illegal sex discrimination. It led to the creation of Yale's Grievance Board and Women's Center.
Calhoun College was renamed Hopper College in February 2017 after John C. Calhoun's record as a defender of slavery and white supremacy prompted years of student and alumni protests. The college was renamed for groundbreaking computer scientist Grace Hopper. Yale President Peter Salovey had initially resisted the change in 2016 before reversing course.
The New York Times has written that Yale has a reputation as having the worst record of labor tension of any university in the United States. There have been at least eight strikes since 1968. Yale has also consistently refused to recognize its graduate student union, Local 33, a stance criticized by the American Federation of Teachers.