Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Viking Age is generally dated from the raid on Lindisfarne on the 8th of June 793 to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. The term is sometimes applied more loosely to the period from around 700 to as late as about 1100.
No. There is no evidence that Vikings wore horned helmets. The horned helmet is a costume element that first appeared in the 19th century, during the Viking revival, and has no basis in archaeological finds from the Viking Age.
Vikings settled in the British Isles, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, Normandy, and along the Baltic coast. They also established routes through Eastern Europe to Constantinople and Baghdad, and were the first Europeans to reach North America, briefly settling at L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland around 1000.
The word's exact origin is debated. One linguistically well-supported theory links it to the Old Norse word vika, meaning a sea mile, the distance between two shifts of rowers. The earliest English record, from the Epinal-Erfurt glossary of around 700, translates the related word wicing as piraticum, meaning pirate.
Slavery was central to the Viking economy. Thralls, the Old Norse word for slaves, could make up as much as a quarter of the population and were used for farm labour, large-scale construction, and trade. The Annals of Ulster record that in 821 Vikings carried off a great number of women from an Irish village into captivity, and Central Asian coins found in Scandinavia reflect the scale of the eastward slave trade in the 9th century.
Viking women had more legal independence than women in most of medieval Europe. After the age of 20, an unmarried woman reached legal majority and could determine her own place of residence. Married women could divorce and remarry. A woman with no male relatives could inherit property and lead a family clan, a status known as Baugrygr. These freedoms began to erode after Christianisation and had largely disappeared by the late 13th century.