Short answers, pulled from the story.
King George IV issued a royal charter establishing King's College on the 15th of March 1827. This document created one college with university privileges for education in Christian principles and various branches of science and literature.
John Strachan led the institution as its first president until the school was renamed the University of Toronto in 1849 following a vote by the responsible government to secularize the school. Strachan resigned in 1848 to open Trinity College as a private Anglican seminary after the decision severed ties with the church.
The discovery of insulin occurred at the University of Toronto by Banting and Best in 1921 while stem cells were discovered there in 1963 forming the basis for bone marrow transplantation. Medical inventions developed at Toronto include the glycaemic index, infant cereal Pablum, and the first artificial cardiac pacemaker.
Unlike most North American institutions, the University of Toronto operates as a collegiate university resembling models from Cambridge and Oxford where colleges hold substantial autonomy over admissions and financial affairs. Every undergraduate student in Arts and Science belongs to one of seven constituent or federated colleges that emerged during the 19th century.
Hart House opened in 1919 as a neo-Gothic student activity centre initiated by alumnus-benefactor Vincent Massey to establish communitarian student culture. Services included libraries, restaurants, barbershops, an art museum, theatre, concerts, debates, study spaces, and swimming pools.