Short answers, pulled from the story.
The bacterium that causes typhoid fever is named Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, now known simply as Salmonella Typhi. This human-exclusive pathogen thrives in the intestines, Peyer's patches, and the gallbladder before spreading through feces to contaminate water supplies.
Mary Mallon, known as Typhoid Mary, was the first known asymptomatic carrier of an infectious disease. She remained perfectly healthy while causing 51 cases and three deaths among wealthy families in New York City in 1906.
British bacteriologist Almroth Edward Wright developed a heat-killed vaccine in 1896 which was used successfully during the Second Boer War in South Africa. This innovation saved up to half a million lives during World War I.
William Henry Harrison, the ninth President of the United States, died 32 days into his term in 1841 from typhoid fever contracted during his inauguration. He served the shortest term of any U.S. President.
A distinctive rose-colored rash appears on the lower chest and abdomen of one-third of patients suffering from typhoid fever. This symptom is part of the progression of untreated typhoid fever which follows a grim three-week trajectory.
In 2015, 12.5 million new typhoid cases were reported worldwide, resulting in about 149,000 deaths. The disease remains a significant threat in developing nations where access to clean water and proper sanitation is limited.