Short answers, pulled from the story.
Thor is a hammer-wielding god in Germanic paganism associated with thunder, storms, strength, protection, fertility, and farmers. He is the son of Odin and Jörð, the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif, and wields the hammer Mjölnir. His exploits and his foretold death battling the world-serpent Jörmungandr during Ragnarök are recorded throughout Norse mythology.
Thursday derives from Old English Þunresdæg, meaning 'day of Þunor', with influence from Old Norse Þórsdagr. Ancient Germanic peoples adopted the Roman weekly calendar and replaced the Roman god Jupiter with their own thunder-god Thor in a practice called interpretatio germanica. The Old High German cognate is Donarestag.
Mjölnir is Thor's primary weapon and symbol, described in Norse sources as capable of slaying giants and serpents. Around 1,000 pendant replicas of the hammer have been found across the Nordic countries, England, northern Germany, the Baltic countries, and Russia. Scholars believe the widespread use of hammer pendants during the Viking Age was partly a defiant response to the Christianization of Scandinavia.
According to the poem Völuspá in the Poetic Edda, Thor will slay the world-serpent Jörmungandr during the final battle of Ragnarök, but will only be able to take nine steps before succumbing to the serpent's venom. The poem, translated by Benjamin Thorpe, states: 'Nine feet will go Fiörgyn's son, bowed by the serpent, who feared no foe.'
Thor was introduced as a Marvel Comics superhero in 1962 by artist Jack Kirby, editor Stan Lee, and his brother Larry Lieber, debuting in the comic book Journey Into Mystery. Lee and Kirby made Thor a founding member of the Avengers. Australian actor Chris Hemsworth has portrayed Thor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe across more than ten films.
Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius, who lived from 1779 to 1848, named the element thorium after Thor. The PGM-17 Thor missile also bears the god's name. A species of shrew native to the Democratic Republic of Congo, first described in 2013, was named Thor's hero shrew (Scutisorex thori) because of the god's association with strength.