Short answers, pulled from the story.
Emperor Vespasian ordered the construction of the Temple of Peace to fund a new monument using spoils from Jerusalem. The temple was dedicated to the goddess Pax after Vespasian won a brutal war against Jewish rebels in 70 CE.
A seven-branched menorah and the Table of Shewbread stood inside the temple complex as central displays taken during the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Statues by Polykleitos, Phidias, Naukydes of Argos, Myron, and Leochares also lined the walls alongside treasures acquired during the conquest of Jerusalem.
The temple stood southeast of the Roman Forum on land between the Via Sacra and the Carinae. Its position offered views of the Velian Hill and the Colosseum while occupying the southeast side of the Argiletum district.
February 192 AD saw the temple destroyed by fire before Septimius Severus restored it around 203 AD. Emperor Constantius II visited Rome in 357 AD to admire the structure but the complex was never restored after Alaric I sacked Rome in 410 CE.
Vespasian needed to show his power after years of civil conflict so he chose to honor Pax rather than create a political forum like others. The design prioritized visual impact over administrative utility to project strength through culture rather than force.