Short answers, pulled from the story.
The moist, hairless tip of a lemur's snout is called a rhinarium. This structure serves as a tactile organ covered in Merkel cells that allow the animal to feel vibrations and textures in the dark forest floor.
French naturalist Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire coined the term Strepsirrhini in 1812. He described the nostrils as terminal and winding based on the anatomical features of these primates.
Strepsirrhine lineages diverged from haplorhine primates between 55 and 90 million years ago. Genetic analysis suggests an earlier split than fossil evidence indicates for this divergence event.
Swedish taxonomist Carl Linnaeus grouped strepsirrhines under the genus Lemur in 1758. Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert divided this group into two genera ten years later.
All lemuriforms possess a specialized dental structure called a toothcomb consisting of two or four procumbent lower incisors and canine teeth. The aye-aye modified this into two continually growing incisors similar to rodents.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature announced in 2012 that lemurs were the most endangered mammals. Deforestation in tropical regions has converted much of their habitat for agriculture and pasture since that time.