Short answers, pulled from the story.
Sense is defined as the physiological capacity to transform energy into electrical signals through a chain reaction triggered by stimuli. This process begins when photoreceptor cells absorb electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380 and 720 nanometers.
A nerve impulse travels at speeds ranging from 165 feet per second to 330 feet per second in humans. In contrast, sensory nerves in frog legs transmit information at approximately 90 feet per second.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine announced October fourth two thousand four recognized Richard Axel and Linda Buck. Their work explained olfaction published first in a joint paper during nineteen ninety-one describing about one thousand genes for odorant receptors.
Some animals possess electroreceptors capable of detecting fields as weak as 4.6 microvolts per centimeter. These specialized structures allow creatures like the platypus to locate prey hidden beneath sediment and dolphins to find targets using electroreceptors arrayed on their snouts.
The absolute threshold represents the minimum stimulation required for detection fifty percent of the time. A human ear can hear a ticking watch located six meters away in silence while vision detects candlelight from thirty miles away on a clear night.