Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation changed its definition of rape in 2012 to include penetration of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim. This updated definition recognized any gender of victim and perpetrator and acknowledged that rape with an object can be as traumatic as penile-vaginal rape.
Humanitarian organizations estimate that 500,000 rapes are committed annually in South Africa, earning the country the title of the world's rape capital. The incidence of child sexual abuse in South Africa is among the highest in the world, with over 67,000 cases reported in 2000.
In Japan, over 95% of incidents of sexual violence are not reported to police. The silence surrounding the crime is exacerbated by fear of retaliation, shame, victim-blaming attitudes, and a lack of trust in the legal system.
North Carolina became the last state to make marital rape illegal in 1993. The legal system has also begun to recognize the concept of marital rape, yet the conviction rate remains low and the justice gap continues to widen.
The psychological impact of rape often manifests in post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of suicide. Victims may not recognize what happened to them was rape, remaining in denial for years afterwards, and trauma symptoms may not show until years after the sexual assault occurred.
Evidence gathered within the past 72 hours is more likely to be valid. The sooner that samples are obtained after the assault, the more likely that evidence is present in the sample and provides valid results.