Short answers, pulled from the story.
George Fox founded the Quaker movement in the year 1650 when he stood before a judge in Derby, England. The movement emerged during the English Civil War as Fox challenged the established Church of England with his belief in the inner light.
The name Quaker originated in 1650 when Judge Gervase Bennet mocked George Fox and his followers for telling him to tremble before the authority of God. This intended insult eventually became the identity of a global religious movement that challenged 17th-century society.
Mary Dyer was hanged on Boston Common on the 1st of June 1660 for defying the ban on Quakers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. This execution occurred after the colony declared that any Quaker who returned after being banished would be put to death.
The three colonies that tolerated Quakers at this time were West Jersey, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania. William Penn secured a charter for Pennsylvania in 1682, creating a haven for religious freedom and a society based on Quaker principles of peace and equality.
Quakers represented by the British Friends Service Council and the American Friends Service Committee were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947. This award recognized their dedication to peace and the common good through their history of conscientious objection and social work.
The center of gravity for Quakerism has shifted to Africa where 49% of Quakers worldwide are found. In 2017, there were 119,200 Quakers in Kenya, 80,000 in the United States, 47,600 in Burundi, and 28,500 in Bolivia.