Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, later known as the Pre-Raphaelites, was a group of English painters, poets, and art critics founded in 1848. It was a seven-member brotherhood modelled partly on the Nazarene movement, and remained only ever a loose association.
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was founded in 1848 by seven men: William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Michael Rossetti, James Collinson, Frederic George Stephens, and Thomas Woolner. The first meeting was held at John Millais's parents' house on Gower Street in London.
The name reflects the group's belief that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art. They wanted to return to the abundant detail, intense colours, and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian art that came before Raphael.
In 1850, Millais's painting Christ in the House of His Parents was considered blasphemous by many reviewers, notably Charles Dickens. Dickens thought the figures looked like alcoholics and slum-dwellers in contorted medieval poses, and considered Millais's Mary to be ugly.
John Ruskin praised the Pre-Raphaelites' devotion to nature and rejection of conventional composition, and wrote to The Times defending their work before meeting them. He supported Hunt and Rossetti and provided funds to encourage the art of Elizabeth Siddal, later Rossetti's wife.
Through William Morris's firm, Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., the ideals of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood reached many interior designers and architects, arousing interest in medieval designs and other crafts. This led to the Arts and Crafts movement headed by William Morris, in whose firm Rossetti, Ford Madox Brown, and Edward Burne-Jones were partners.
The Brotherhood separated after almost five years. By 1853 the original PRB had virtually dissolved, with only Holman Hunt remaining true to its stated aims, after James Collinson resigned and the members could not agree on a replacement.