Short answers, pulled from the story.
Al Capone went to prison in 1931 for the crime of tax evasion rather than murder or racketeering. He was sentenced to eleven years in federal prison and ordered to pay $215,000 in back taxes along with accrued interest.
The three models of organized crime structure are the Patron-client network model, the Bureaucratic/corporate model, and the entrepreneurial model. The Patron-client network model relies on family and social traditions, the Bureaucratic/corporate model focuses on rigid internal structures and written rules, and the entrepreneurial model capitalizes on fluid group associations to maximize gain.
The Medellín Cartel used violence to achieve its goals by forming paramilitary vigilante groups such as Muerte a Secuestradores and Los Pepes. These groups kidnapped, tortured, and killed associates of rival cartels and government officials to dismantle opposition and assert control over regions used for drug cultivation and transportation.
Money laundering is a three-stage process consisting of placement, layering, and integration. Placement involves moving crime funds into the legitimate financial system, layering disguises the trail to foil pursuit, and integration makes the money into clean taxable income through real-estate transactions and foreign bank complicity.
The digital age has expanded the reach of organized crime by providing new tools for cybercrime, identity theft, and cyber espionage. Groups use computer viruses, worms, and Trojan horses to conduct fraud, sabotage critical industrial infrastructure, and steal intellectual property on a global scale.
Official estimates of individuals in sexual slavery worldwide vary from 400,000 to 1.75 million according to organizations like the International Organization for Migration and UNICEF. Contemporary slavery and forced labor remain as high as 12 million to 27 million, with most being debt slaves largely in South Asia.