Short answers, pulled from the story.
On the 24th of November 1859, a book titled On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection appeared in London. The first printing consisted of exactly 1,250 copies priced at fifteen shillings each.
Darwin had spent twenty years developing these ideas since his return from the Beagle voyage in 1836. He delayed publication for personal reasons including fear of religious persecution and concern about upsetting his clergyman friends.
On the 18th of June 1858, Darwin received a parcel from Alfred Russel Wallace who stayed on Maluku Islands including Ternate and Gilolo. It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism similar to Darwin's own theory.
Fifth edition released the 10th of February 1869 incorporated more changes including first use of phrase survival of fittest coined by philosopher Herbert Spencer in Principles of Biology 1864.
Price halved to seven shillings sixpence printing smaller font making work available to working men in Lancashire clubbing together to buy. This became first edition using word evolution commonly associated with embryological development though all previous editions concluded with evolved.