Short answers, pulled from the story.
Becoming a board-certified OB-GYN in the United States takes between eleven and fourteen years of education and practical experience. The first seven to nine years are general medical training, followed by a four-year residency approved by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.
Board certification in OB-GYN in the United States requires passing two exams administered by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology: a written Qualifying Exam and a three-hour oral Certification Exam. Since 2013, at least 82% of all Certifying Exam examinees have passed.
The four subspecialties formally recognized by both the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology are maternal-fetal medicine, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, gynecological oncology, and female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery.
Obstetrics covers pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, including fertility treatment, NICU care, and vaginal and cesarean section births. Gynaecology covers the health of the female reproductive system, including reproductive wellness checks, cervical and breast cancer screenings, STI treatment, and uterine conditions.
In the United Kingdom, OB-GYN training requires a minimum of nine years of specialist training after a five-year medical degree and two years of foundation training. This includes passing the Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3 MRCOG examinations administered by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
Nexplanon is a birth control implant about 4 centimetres long that is placed in the upper forearm by an OB-GYN. It releases hormones into the body, lasts up to three years, and has a 99% success rate for pregnancy prevention.