Short answers, pulled from the story.
Saturn has 292 confirmed moons as of the 9th of April 2026, the most of any planet in the Solar System. The most recent additions were announced in two batches in 2026: 11 moons on the 16th of March and seven more on the 9th of April.
Titan is the only moon in the Solar System with a dense atmosphere, featuring a surface pressure of 1.5 atmospheres and a nitrogen-methane composition. It is also the only body besides Earth known to have liquid on its surface, in the form of methane-ethane lakes; the largest, Kraken Mare, is bigger than the Caspian Sea.
Enceladus emits jets of water vapor and dust from fractures near its south pole called tiger stripes at a rate of more than 100 kg per second. The energy driving this activity is thought to come from a 2:1 mean-motion orbital resonance with Dione, which generates tidal heating inside the moon.
Iapetus's leading hemisphere is pitch-black because dust kicked off Phoebe by impacts drifts inward and coats that face. Once a slight difference in albedo was established, a thermal runaway amplified it: warmer dark areas lost their surface ice while colder bright areas accumulated it, producing the stark two-toned appearance seen today.
John Herschel proposed the modern naming system in 1847, naming the then-known moons after Titans, Titanesses, and Giants associated with the Roman god Saturn. Irregular moons discovered later are named after figures from Inuit, Gallic (Celtic), and Norse mythologies according to their orbital group.
Faint outer moons with apparent magnitudes of 25-27 are detected using the shift-and-add technique, where multiple long-exposure images are stacked and aligned to Saturn's motion in the sky so the signal of dim objects accumulates above background noise. Large-aperture instruments like the Subaru 8.2 m telescope and the 3.6-meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope have been the primary tools for these discoveries.