Short answers, pulled from the story.
Miranda was discovered by planetary astronomer Gerard Kuiper on the 16th of February 1948 using the 82-inch Otto Struve Telescope at McDonald Observatory in Texas. Its motion around Uranus was confirmed on the 1st of March 1948.
Miranda is 470 km in diameter. Its total surface area is roughly equal to that of the U.S. state of Texas, making it the smallest of Uranus's five round satellites.
Voyager 2 made the only close observations of Miranda during its Uranus flyby on the 24th of January 1986. It passed within 29,000 km of Miranda, closer than its approach to any other Uranian moon.
Verona Rupes on Miranda is estimated at 5 to 10 km tall and roughly 20 km wide, making it a candidate for the highest cliff in the Solar System. The graben at its bright edge descends 10 to 15 km.
Miranda has one of the most extreme and varied topographies of any object in the Solar System, including coronae, giant fault scarps, and terrain of very different ages pressed against each other. The leading explanation is repeated tidal heating caused by orbital resonances, especially a past 3:1 resonance with the moon Umbriel.
Gerard Kuiper named Miranda after the character in Shakespeare's The Tempest because the four previously known Uranian moons had all been named after characters from Shakespeare or Alexander Pope. Miranda broke a smaller pattern: unlike those four moons, which were named after fairies, Miranda is a human character.