Short answers, pulled from the story.
Lund was founded around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. Until the 1980s, historians believed the city was founded around 1020 by Sweyn I Forkbeard or his son Canute the Great, but recent archaeological discoveries pushed the founding date back by roughly three decades.
Lund was ceded to Sweden in 1658 under the Treaty of Roskilde. Denmark recaptured it briefly in 1676 during the Scanian War, but Swedish control was restored after the Battle of Lund and confirmed in the Peace of Lund that same year, then reaffirmed by another treaty in 1720.
Lund University was established in 1666, following the transfer of Scania to Sweden. Today it has eight faculties, 41,000 students, and more than 2,000 separate courses, ranking consistently in the world's top one hundred universities.
Lund Cathedral School, known as Katedralskolan, is the oldest school in Scandinavia. It was founded in 1085 by Danish King Canute the Saint. Notable alumni include the actor Max von Sydow.
Lund is home to the headquarters of Tetra Pak, founded there in 1951 by Ruben Rausing, and Axis Communications, founded in 1984. Sony Mobile Communications, Ericsson, Arm Holdings, Microsoft, and the telecommunications firm Doro also have offices in the city.
Lundakarnevalen is a student-organized carnival held every four years in Lund. Anecdotal accounts trace its origins to a wedding in 1849. The event combines a city festival with satire, parody, and stage performances; the 2010 edition involved around 5,500 volunteers.