Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Latin script originated on the Italian Peninsula after a form of the Greek alphabet took root in the ancient Greek city of Cumae. This development occurred before the Etruscans altered its shapes and sounds.
ASCII includes 52 uppercase and lowercase letters representing the 26 times 2 characters of the English alphabet. The United States held a preeminent position in both computer and telecommunications industries during the decade when this decision was made.
Vietnamese and Yoruba utilize tone changes indicated by small symbols above or below letters. Diacritics change phonetic value or modify pronunciation of whole syllables or words across various global alphabets.
On the 15th of September 1999 Tatarstan authorities passed a law making Latin script co-official alongside Cyrillic for Tatar language. The Russian government overruled this decision banning Latinization on its territory just one year later.
The Ukrainian government approved switching Crimean Tatar to Latin by 2025 on the 22nd of October 2021. This decision follows the period where Crimean Tatar used both scripts though Latin was dropped entirely following Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014.