Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Jutes were a Germanic tribe who migrated to Britain after the Romans departed. According to Bede, they were one of the three most powerful Germanic nations, alongside the Angles and the Saxons. They settled in Kent, the Isle of Wight, and southern Hampshire.
Historians remain divided on Jutish origins. Bede placed their homeland on the Jutland Peninsula, but archaeological grave goods link the Jutes to northern Francia and Frisia rather than Jutland. One hypothesis holds that a Danish invasion of Jutland around AD 200 drove some Jutes to migrate toward the Frisian coast and northern Francia.
In the 680s, Cædwalla, king of Wessex, invaded the Isle of Wight and killed its king, Aruald. Cædwalla attempted to replace the Jutish population with people from his own province, but Bede says he was unable to do so completely and Jutes remained a majority on the island. The Isle of Wight then came permanently under West Saxon control.
Gavelkind was a system of partible inheritance in which land was divided equally among male heirs. It was practised by the Jutes and remained in use in Kent until the 20th century. Across England and Wales, gavelkind was abolished by the Administration of Estates Act 1925.
The Frankish princess Bertha arrived in Kent around 580, already a Christian, to marry King Æthelberht. In 597, Pope Gregory I sent Augustine to convert the Anglo-Saxons. Æthelberht became the first Anglo-Saxon ruler to be baptised. The Isle of Wight, by contrast, was the last area of Anglo-Saxon England to be evangelised, not until 686.
In several Old English and early medieval sources, including the Finnsburg Fragment and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the terms Frisians and Jutes appear to be used interchangeably. Archaeological findings also point to strong similarities in burial practices, material goods, and settlement patterns between the two groups. The linguist Elmar Seebold argued that the sharp boundary between Frisian and Dutch dialects traces back to migration from Jutland.