Short answers, pulled from the story.
The first humans are thought to have arrived in Greenland around 2500 BC, belonging to the Saqqaq culture and the Independence I culture, both of which descended from groups that migrated from nearby Nunavut in North America.
According to both the Book of Icelanders and the Saga of Erik the Red, Erik said that calling the island by a good name would encourage people to go there. He had explored the coastline during a three-year exile from Iceland around 982 for committing murder.
Scholars cite multiple overlapping factors including climate cooling during the Little Ice Age, declining walrus ivory prices due to the influx of Russian and African ivory, soil erosion and deforestation, and loss of contact with Europe. Bone evidence from Norse cemeteries shows that the typical Greenlander's diet shifted from about 20 percent to between 50 and 80 percent marine food sources by the 14th century, reflecting deepening hardship.
The last written record of a Norse Greenlander is a marriage documented in 1408 at Hvalsey Church. In the 1540s, a European ship found the corpse of a Norse man lying face down in the former Eastern Settlement, described by an Icelandic crew member as wearing a well-sewn hood and clothes of homespun and sealskin, with a worn carving knife at his side.
Denmark-Norway sent the expedition to find and re-Christianise descendants of the original Norse settlers, who they believed might have reverted to paganism. When no Norse descendants were found, the missionaries baptised the Inuit population instead.
Greenland gained home rule in 1979 after the Danish Folketing approved devolution in 1978. On the 23rd of February 1982-53 percent of Greenland's population voted to leave the European Economic Community, and the withdrawal was completed in 1985 under the Greenland Treaty of that year.