Short answers, pulled from the story.
Friedrich Nietzsche was born on the 15th of October 1844 in the small town of Röcken, Prussia. He was named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, who turned 49 on the very day of his birth.
On the 3rd of January 1889, Friedrich Nietzsche suffered a mental breakdown in the streets of Turin, Italy. He was subsequently taken to a psychiatric clinic in Basel and later transferred to a clinic in Jena under the direction of Otto Binswanger.
Friedrich Nietzsche died at about noon on the 25th of August 1900 after contracting pneumonia in mid-August 1900 and suffering another stroke during the night of the 24th of August. He was buried beside his father at the church in Röcken near Lützen.
Friedrich Nietzsche's sister, Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, became the curator and editor of his manuscripts after his death. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology and compiled The Will to Power from his unpublished notebooks.
Friedrich Nietzsche used the phrase God is dead to predict that scientific developments and the increasing secularization of Europe had metaphorically killed the Abrahamic God who had served as the basis for meaning and value in the West for more than a thousand years. He believed this statement reflected the loss of the supra sensory world of ideas and the death of metaphysics.
Friedrich Nietzsche introduced the concept of the Übermensch or Superman in Thus Spoke Zarathustra as the creator of new values to solve the problem of nihilism following the death of God. He presented the Übermensch as a solution to the crisis of meaninglessness and the need for a new foundation for culture.