Short answers, pulled from the story.
Francis Drake's circumnavigation began on the 13th of December 1577 and ended on the 26th of September 1580. The fleet departed from Plymouth on the 13th of December 1577 and returned to Plymouth on the 26th of September 1580 with 59 remaining crew members.
Francis Drake executed his former friend and co-commander Thomas Doughty on the 2nd of July 1578. The trial accused Doughty of being a conjurer and a mutineer, and he was beheaded despite the lack of concrete proof.
Francis Drake claimed land at South Cove and Drakes Bay in present-day California on the 17th of June 1579. He named the territory Nova Albion and established a small fort and tents ashore while meeting with the Coast Miwok people.
The ship named Pelican was renamed the Golden Hind after passing through the Strait of Magellan. The original Pelican was damaged by a storm early in the voyage and returned to Falmouth for repairs before the fleet set sail again.
The treasure aboard the galleon Nuestra Señora de la Concepción was worth around 360,000 pesos. This immense wealth included silver bars that replaced the Golden Hind's ballast and allowed Drake to keep £24,000 of the purloined treasure.
Queen Elizabeth I knighted Francis Drake aboard the Golden Hind on the 4th of April 1581. The knighting took place in Deptford with a French diplomat present and granted Drake the armorials of the ancient Devon family of Drake of Ash.