When were chimneys invented and where did they originate?
Chimneys were invented in northern Europe during the 11th or 12th century. This invention largely fixed the problem of smoke by more reliably venting it outside buildings.
Questions about Fireplace
Short answers, pulled from the story.
Who developed a convection chamber for fireplaces in the 18th century?
Benjamin Franklin developed a convection chamber for the fireplace that greatly improved the efficiency of fireplaces and wood-burning stoves. He also improved airflow by pulling air from a basement and venting out a longer area at the top.
What health risks does burning wood in home fireplaces pose to humans?
Wood combustion emits particulates that penetrate deeply into human lungs, causing respiratory damage and increasing the risk of infections and cardiovascular diseases. Smoke contains carcinogens that can cause structural changes within the respiratory system and lead to fatal carbon monoxide poisoning.
How efficient are standard modern wood-burning masonry fireplaces compared to older models?
Standard modern wood-burning masonry fireplaces have an efficiency rating of at least 80% in places like Salzburg Austria. Most older fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency rating before these modern improvements.
Which organizations warn about the dangers of residential wood combustion?
Organizations like the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington State Department of Ecology warn that fireplaces can pose significant health risks. Studies show that smoke emissions weaken immune systems and increase blood pressure and insulin resistance.