Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Fatimid Caliphate began in the year 909 and ended in September 1171 when Saladin deposed the last caliph. The movement started in 899 when Abdallah al-Akbar's great-grandson declared himself the Mahdi.
Abdallah al-Akbar's great-grandson founded the Fatimid Caliphate by declaring himself the Mahdi in 899. The dynasty traced its lineage to Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, and her husband Ali, the first Shi'a Imam.
The Fatimid Caliphate established its capital Cairo in the year 969 after the general Jawhar conquered Egypt. The city was named al-Qahira and located several miles northeast of the older regional capital Fustat.
The military engine of the Fatimid revolution was the Kutama Berbers from Little Kabylia who converted to the Isma'ili cause early. These Kutama horsemen outflanked the enemy in a decisive battle on the 18th of March 909 that forced the Aghlabids to flee Kairouan.
Al-Hakim took direct control of the state in 1000 at the age of 11 and disappeared in 1021 while wandering the desert outside Cairo. His body was never found and his policies alienated many Isma'ili followers, setting the stage for internal strife.
Saladin officially deposed al-Adid, the last Fatimid caliph, in September 1171, ending the dynasty and beginning the Ayyubid Sultanate. The position of vizier had passed to Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub, known in the West as Saladin, who was openly pro-Sunni.