Short answers, pulled from the story.
The thylacine died on the 7th of September 1936 in the Hobart Zoo, marking the precise moment the species ceased to exist. This event serves as the definitive definition of extinction as the termination of an organism by the death of its last member.
Georges Cuvier established the modern conception of extinction in 1796 by presenting evidence from mammoth skulls found near Paris. He argued that the history of life was punctuated by periodic catastrophic events that wiped out huge numbers of species in a short period.
Estimates suggest that over 99.9% of all species that have ever lived on Earth are now extinct. This figure includes the thylacine and thousands of other species that have met this fate throughout history.
A 2018 study indicated that the phylogenetic diversity of 300 mammalian species erased during the human era since the Late Pleistocene would require 5 to 7 million years to recover. This rapid loss highlights the severity of the current Holocene extinction event.
The Pyrenean ibex is the only animal to have been brought back from extinction and the only one to go extinct twice. A clone born in 2009 died seven minutes later due to physical defects in the lungs.
The golden toad was last seen on the 15th of May 1989 before vanishing from the wild. Its decline is part of an ongoing worldwide reduction in amphibian populations driven by habitat destruction and environmental changes.