Short answers, pulled from the story.
Edward Chamberlin is credited with conducting not only the first market experiment but also the first economic experiment of any kind. His work is recognized as the foundation of what became the formal discipline of experimental economics.
Vernon Smith received the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in 2002, shared with Daniel Kahneman. He was honored for establishing laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, with particular recognition for his contributions to the study of alternative market mechanisms.
Experience Weighted Attraction (EWA) is a learning model introduced by Colin Camerer and Teck-Hua Ho in 1999. It combines reinforcement learning with belief learning into a single framework. The model also shows that fictitious play is mathematically equivalent to generalized reinforcement when appropriate weights are placed on past history.
Ultimatum game experiments show that people often reject low monetary offers even at a cost to themselves, a result that conflicts with simple models of self-interest. Experimental economists have also measured how this willingness to sacrifice money for fairness varies across cultures.
z-Tree, the Zurich Toolbox for Readymade Economic Experiments, is the most widely used software in experimental economics. Developed by Urs Fischbacher from 1998 onward, z-Tree had accumulated roughly 9,460 citation results on Google Scholar by February 2020.
John A. List pioneered the use of field experiments in economics in the early 1990s. Field experiments take the controlled methods of the laboratory into real-world settings where behavior occurs naturally.