Short answers, pulled from the story.
Disenchantment is the cultural rationalization and devaluation of religion apparent in modern society. Max Weber borrowed the German word Entzauberung from Friedrich Schiller to describe the character of modernized, bureaucratic, secularized Western society.
Weber argued that in traditional society "the world remains a great enchanted garden," whereas in modern Western society scientific understanding is more highly valued than belief and processes are oriented toward rational goals.
Disenchantment can be related to Emile Durkheim's concept of anomie because it destroys the ritual processes that once bound individuals to society, resulting in an unmooring of the individual from the ties that hold social life together.
Ernest Gellner identified psychoanalysis, Marxism, Wittgensteinianism, phenomenology, and ethnomethodology as re-enchantment creeds. He noted that all of them tried to make themselves compatible with naturalism, avoiding any appeal to supernatural forces.
Jason Josephson-Storm, an American historian of religion, labeled disenchantment a "myth," arguing that belief in magic and mysticism has not declined in Western Europe or the United States even after adjusting for religious belief, education, and class.
Hubert and Marcel Mauss described ritual sacrifice as involving two processes: sacralization, which endows a profane offering with sacred properties through consecration, and desacralization, which returns the sacred and profane worlds to their proper places. Disenchantment operates at a macro-level and dismantles this entire ritual apparatus rather than managing it.