Short answers, pulled from the story.
The earliest evidence of dentistry dates back to 7000 BC. Physical evidence from Italy shows an infected tooth partially cleaned with flint tools between 13,820 and 14,160 years ago. A 2017 study indicates Neanderthals may have used rudimentary dental tools as far back as 130,000 years ago.
Pierre Fauchard is widely recognized as the father of modern dentistry. He published the revolutionary book Le chirurgien dentiste in 1728. Fauchard transformed the field into a distinct medical specialty by introducing dental fillings and asserting that sugar-derived acids caused dental decay.
John M. Harris opened the world's first dental school in Bainbridge, Ohio, on the 21st of February 1828. This institution later became a dental museum. The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery followed in 1840 as the first dental college in the United States.
Guy de Chauliac invented the dental pelican in the 14th century to perform extractions until the late 18th century. This tool resembled a pelican's beak and was eventually replaced by the dental key. Modern forceps replaced the dental key in the 19th century.
Long-term exposure to noise from piezoelectric and sonic scalers can lead to noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. Chemical hazards include disinfectants containing glutaraldehyde and mercury which releases toxic vapor during placement and removal. Methacrylate and nickel exposure can cause occupational asthma and allergic contact dermatitis.
Conditions in the oral cavity can be indicative of systemic diseases such as osteoporosis, diabetes, celiac disease, and cancer. Gum disease has been associated with an increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, and preterm birth. The World Health Organization recognizes oral diseases as major public health problems affecting disadvantaged groups more than other socio-economic groups.