Short answers, pulled from the story.
Colchis was an ancient Georgian polity located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, centered in present-day western Georgia and including the region of Abkhazia. It is described in modern scholarship as the earliest Georgian state formation, existing from roughly the 13th to the 1st centuries BC. Its territory also encompassed parts of present-day Turkey's Artvin, Rize, and Trabzon provinces, and Russia's Sochi and Tuapse districts.
Colchis was the destination of Jason and the Argonauts in Greek mythology, the land where King Aeetes kept the Golden Fleece in a sacred grove dedicated to the war god Ares. From the fifth century BC onward, Colchis was identified as Aea, the mythical home of Aeetes, his daughter Medea, and the fire-breathing Colchis bulls. Apollonius of Rhodes named Aea as the main city in his Argonautica.
The Colchians are generally believed to have been primarily early Zan-speaking tribes, the linguistic ancestors of the modern Laz and Mingrelian peoples. Between 70 and 300 languages were spoken in the city of Dioscourias, modern Sukhumi, alone, according to Greek and Roman sources. Many tribes inhabited the region, including the Machelones, Heniochi, Lazi, Chalybes, Moschi, and Apsilae.
Colchis was occupied by Pompey in 65 BC following the defeat of Mithridates VI of Pontus. After a series of dynastic transfers, Colchis and Pontus were formally incorporated into the Roman Province of Galatia in 63 AD, and later into Cappadocia in 81 AD. A major uprising against Rome by the people of Pontus and Colchis under Anicetus occurred in 69 AD but ended unsuccessfully.
Colchis exported gold, iron, timber, and honey, primarily to ancient Hellenic city-states. Colchian pheasants were exported to Rome, where they became a symbol of excess condemned by Roman moralists. The region also provided slaves as tribute to the Achaemenid Empire, and Colchian slaves are attested in ancient Greece.
The oldest written records of the name appear in Urartian sources as Qulha, where Urartian kings conquered the region in 744 or 743 BC. The name also appears in the 8th-century Greek poet Eumelus of Corinth as Kolchida. Historian Askold Ivanchik concluded from cuneiform texts and archaeological data that Qulha existed as an independent flourishing state during the second half of the eighth century BC.