Short answers, pulled from the story.
A carved stone from the temple at Palenque in Mexico depicts a Maya deity holding a smoking tube around the 9th century. This image captures one of the earliest known forms of cigarettes, which were reeds or tubes used to smoke tobacco and other psychoactive drugs during religious rituals.
Juan Nepomuceno Adorno of Mexico patented the first cigarette-making machine in 1847. Production climbed markedly when James Albert Bonsack developed another machine in the 1880s that increased output from about 40,000 hand-rolled cigarettes daily to around 4 million.
Cigarettes produce an aerosol containing over 4,000 chemical compounds including carbon monoxide and acrolein. Over 70 of these substances are carcinogens.
Bhutan became the first country to completely outlaw cultivation harvesting production and sale of tobacco in 2004. Nearly all countries have laws restricting places where people can smoke in public with over 40 nations having comprehensive smoke-free laws.
A list of 599 cigarette additives was approved by the Department of Health and Human Services in April 1994. None of these chemicals appear on cigarette packs.