Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Taforalt cave in Morocco holds the resting place of at least 34 Iberomaurusian individuals dating back to between 15,100 and 14,000 years ago. This site stands as possibly the oldest known cemetery in human history.
From about the 7th century CE a burial was under the control of the Church in Europe. Bodies were usually buried in mass graves until they had decomposed completely before workers exhumed the bones for storage in ossuaries or beneath church floor slabs.
Rapid population growth and outbreaks of infectious disease like the cholera epidemic of 1831 killed 52,000 people in Britain alone creating dangerous overcrowding in parish churchyards. Parliament acknowledged the need for large municipal cemeteries in 1832 and passed the Metropolitan Burial Act 1852 to legislate a national system of government-funded municipal cemeteries across the country.
Pere Lachaise Cemetery opened in Paris in 1804 as the first garden cemetery style embodying state-controlled burial concepts. Mount Auburn Cemetery near Boston Massachusetts followed in 1831 as the first rural cemetery in the United States.
Singapore limits burials to 15 years before requiring exhumation which drives a preference for cremation among locals. Reuse of graves already used for burial causes considerable upset to family members despite legal permissions.