Short answers, pulled from the story.
Andrew Carnegie founded the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace on the 25th of November 1910, his seventy-fifth birthday, with a gift of $10 million worth of first mortgage bonds. The deed of gift was presented in Washington on the 14th of December 1910.
Elihu Root was the first president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, serving from 1912 to 1925. Root had previously served as US Secretary of War and Secretary of State, and he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1912.
In November 1944, the Carnegie Endowment published Raphael Lemkin's "Axis Rule in Occupied Europe," which was the first work to bring the word genocide into the global lexicon.
The Russian government ordered the Carnegie Moscow Center to close in April 2022, shortly after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. In April 2023, Russia's Ministry of Justice added the center to its list of foreign agents, and in July 2024 it designated the organization as undesirable.
Following the closure of the Moscow Center, Carnegie operates centers in Washington D.C., Brussels, Beirut, Beijing, New Delhi, and Berlin. The Berlin-based Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center opened in April 2023 after the Moscow Center was forced to close.
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace was ranked the number one think tank in the world in the University of Pennsylvania's 2019 Global Go To Think Tanks Report. In the 2015 report it had been ranked third, after the Brookings Institution and Chatham House.