Short answers, pulled from the story.
The bassoon is the only woodwind instrument that can mimic the human voice with startling accuracy. Composers have used this distinctive tone color to represent specific characters, emotions, and even the voice of the devil.
The true bassoon began to take shape in the 1650s when Martin Hotteterre conceived the instrument in four sections. By 1700, a fourth key had been added, and by the first half of the 18th century, a fifth key for the low E was introduced.
The Heckel system is the standard in most orchestras and English-speaking countries, characterized by complex keywork for superior singing tone quality. The Buffet system remains popular in France, Belgium, and parts of Latin America, offering greater facility in the upper registers.
Bassoon reeds are made from Arundo donax cane which is split, trimmed, and gouged to a precise thickness before being folded and shaped around a conical steel mandrel. The process involves scoring the bark with parallel lines, soaking the cane, and sealing it with nitrocellulose-based cement.
The instrument is held diagonally with the left hand positioned above the right and features five main finger holes plus a sixth activated by an open-standing key. The back of the instrument contains twelve or more keys controlled by the thumbs, creating a labyrinth of mechanical interactions.
Prices for high-quality bassoons can range from US$7,000 to over $45,000. The instrument first began appearing in jazz ensembles in the 1920s when Garvin Bushell incorporated it into his performances.