Short answers, pulled from the story.
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, was a British Field Marshal and statesman who lived from the 1st of May 1769 to the 14th of September 1852. He is famous for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo on the 18th of June 1815, for his victories in the Peninsular War, and for serving as Britain's prime minister from 1828 to 1830.
Wellington commanded an Anglo-Dutch-German army of approximately 73,000 troops at Waterloo, holding the Allied line through a day of heavy French attacks before the arrival of Prussian reinforcements under Field Marshal Blücher allowed a decisive counter-advance. He chose the battlefield himself, having noted the ridge south of the town of Waterloo the previous year as a favourable defensive position.
Wellington served in India from 1797 to 1805, fighting in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War and defeating Tipu Sultan at Seringapatam in 1799, after which he was appointed Governor of Seringapatam and Mysore. He also won the Battle of Assaye on the 23rd of September 1803 during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, a victory he later called the best battle he ever fought despite British casualties of 428 killed and 1,138 wounded.
Wellington is generally believed to have been born in Dublin on the 1st of May 1769, though the exact location remains disputed. His mother recalled that he was born at 6 Merrion Street, Dublin, but his family's Dangan Castle in County Meath was for many years considered the birthplace, and as late as 1873 Sir Bernard Burke noted the question was by no means settled.
Wellington oversaw the passage of the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, which removed the legal disabilities that had barred Roman Catholics from Parliament and higher offices of state. He opposed the Reform Act 1832. He served as prime minister from 1828 to 1830 and briefly on an interim basis in 1834.
Wellington and Napoleon never met in person. The Battle of Waterloo on the 18th of June 1815 was, as Wellington noted, the first time he had faced Napoleon in the field. They never met off the battlefield either, as Napoleon was exiled to Saint Helena after his defeat.