Short answers, pulled from the story.
Ottoman authorities unleashed widespread massacres that killed at least 100,000 Armenians during the 1890s. Sultan Abdul Hamid II created the Hamidiye regiments from Kurdish tribes in 1891 to act with impunity against Armenian communities.
At the orders of Talaat Pasha, an estimated 800,000 to 1.2 million Armenians were sent on death marches to the Syrian Desert in 1915 and 1916. The Directorate for the Settlement of Tribes and Immigrants coordinated the deportation and resettlement of Muslim immigrants in vacant houses.
An estimated 100,000 to 200,000 Armenian women and children were forcibly converted to Islam and integrated into Muslim households. Special state-run orphanages were set up with strict procedures intending to deprive charges of an Armenian identity.
On the 24th of May 1915, the Triple Entente formally condemned the Ottoman Empire for crimes against humanity and civilization. German diplomats approved limited removals of Armenians in early 1915 but took no action against the genocide.
Polish-Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin coined the term genocide in 1944 while studying the fate of the Armenians. Almost all historians and scholars outside Turkey recognize the destruction of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire as genocide.